A practical guide to the Anglo-Saxon Futhark and how runes were used in Old England

• Examines the 33 Northumbrian runes of the Anglo-Saxon Futhark, providing the meanings, historical uses, symbolism, and related tree and plant spirits for each

• Explores geomancy divination practices, the role of sacred numbers, and the power of the eight airts, or directions

• Provides a magical history of Northumbria, as well as a look at the otherworldly beings who call these lands home, including boggarts, brownies, and dragons

• Shows how traditional spirituality is intimately tied to the landscape and the cycle of the seasons

In the early Anglo-Saxon period, the region of Great Britain known as Northumbria was a kingdom in its own right. These lands, in what is now northern England and southeast Scotland, were the targets of the first Viking raids on Britain. This violent influx, followed by the establishment of trade routes with the Norse, brought the runes to the region, where they intermingled with local magical traditions and legends, resulting in the development of a practical runic wisdom entirely unique to Northumbria.

In this guide to the Wyrdstaves, or runic practices, of Old Northumbria, Nigel Pennick examines the thirty-three runes of the Anglo-Saxon Futhark and how they were used in Old England for weaving the web of Wyrd. Sharing runic lore and legends from the area, he explains how the Northumbrian runes are unique because they contain elements from all the cultures of the region, including the Picts, Britons, Romans, Angles, Scots, and Norse. He illustrates how each rune in this tradition is a storehouse of ancient knowledge, detailing the meanings, historical uses, symbolism, and related tree and plant spirits for each of the thirty-three runes. The author describes the Northumbrian use of runes in magic and encryption and explores geomancy divination practices, the role of sacred numbers, and the power of the eight airts, or directions. He also shows how the Northumbrian runes have a close relationship with Ogam, the tree alphabet of the ancient Celts.

Providing a magical history of Northumbria, as well as a look at the otherworldly beings who call these lands home, including boggarts, brownies, and dragons, Pennick explains how traditional spirituality is intimately tied to the landscape and the cycle of the seasons. He reveals how the runic tradition is still vibrantly alive in this area and ready for us to reawaken to it.

Nigel Pennick is an authority on ancient belief systems, traditions, runes, and geomancy and has traveled and lectured extensively in Europe and the United States. He is the author and illustrator of more than 50 books, including The Pagan Book of Days and Pagan Magic of the Northern Tradition. The founder of the Institute of Geomantic Research and the Library of the European Tradition, he lives near Cambridge, England.

INTRODUCTION
Our Picture of Past Times

CHAPTER 1
The Kingdom of Northumbria
A Brief History

CHAPTER 2
The Spirit Landscape of Northumbria

CHAPTER 3
Northumbrian Geomancy
The Year, Time, and Space

CHAPTER 4
Runes and Consciousness
Weaving the Web of Wyrd

CHAPTER 5
The Runes of Northumbria

CHAPTER 6
The First Airt of the Northumbrian Runes

CHAPTER 7
The Second Airt of the Northumbrian Runes

CHAPTER 8
The Third Airt of the Northumbrian Runes

CHAPTER 9
The Fourth Airt of the Northumbrian Runes

CHAPTER 10
Runes in Magic and Encryption

CHAPTER 11
Magical Symbols and Artifacts of Old Northumbria

CHAPTER 12
Ing
Legendary and Magical History

CHAPTER 13
Yr
The Outlaw Archers

CHAPTER 14
Otherworldly Beings of the Northumbrian Landscape
Boggarts, Hobs, Brownies, and Bogeymen

POSTSCRIPT
Ancestral Treasures

Glossary

Bibliography

Index