| Preface |
|
xiii | |
|
The North and South Compared |
|
|
1 | (30) |
|
|
|
2 | (8) |
|
Lydia Maria Child Describes How Slavery Harms the South, 1833 |
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
Frederick Law Olmsted Observes Southern Lassitude, 1854 |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
Hinton Rowan Helper Exposes Southern Economic Backwardness, 1857 |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
Frederick Law Olmsted Criticizes the South's Lack of Material Progress, 1861 |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
James Henry Hammond Claims Southern Cultural Superiority, 1845 |
|
|
6 | (2) |
|
George Fitzhugh Praises Southern Society, 1854 |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
J. D. B. DeBow Explains Why Nonslaveholders Should Support Slavery, 1860 |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
|
|
10 | (21) |
|
The Similarities between the Antebellum North and South |
|
|
11 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Differences between the Antebellum North and South |
|
|
21 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sectional Politics in the 1850s |
|
|
31 | (33) |
|
|
|
32 | (8) |
|
Independent Democrats Protest the Kansas-Nebraska Act, January 1854 |
|
|
32 | (2) |
|
Senator Stephen Douglas Explains the Objectives of His Bill, February 1854 |
|
|
34 | (1) |
|
Senator Charles Summer of Massachusetts Ridicules the Southern Gentry, May 1856 |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
Congressman Thomas S. Bocock of Virginia Defends Preston Brooks, July 1856 |
|
|
36 | (2) |
|
Senator William H. Seward of New York Warns of an Irrepressible Conflict, October 1858 |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Senator Albert G. Brown of Mississippi Renounces the Protection of the Union, December 1859 |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
|
|
40 | (24) |
|
The Caning of Charles Sumner and the Rise of the Republican Party |
|
|
41 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kansas, Republicanism, and the Crisis of the Union |
|
|
52 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64 | (25) |
|
|
|
64 | (7) |
|
President-Elect Lincoln Explains What Is at Stake, December 1860 |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
Congressman John A. Gilmer of North Carolina Urges Delay and Conciliation, March 1861 |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
Secretary of State William H. Seward Advises Restraint, March 1861 |
|
|
67 | (2) |
|
Former Congressman Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia Advises against Secession, November 1860 |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
Senator Robert Toombs of Georgia Defends His Own and His State's Honor, November 1860 |
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
The Raleigh North Carolina Standard Weighs Honor and Secession, December 1860 |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
|
|
71 | (18) |
|
Lincoln and the Secession Crisis |
|
|
72 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
80 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fighting the War: The Generals |
|
|
89 | (35) |
|
|
|
92 | (12) |
|
General George B. McClellan Gives a Lesson in Grand Strategy, July 1862 |
|
|
92 | (2) |
|
General Robert E. Lee Takes the Offensive, September 1862 |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
Assesses Lee and McClellan at Antietam, September 1862 |
|
|
95 | (2) |
|
General E. Porter Alexander |
|
|
|
|
|
General Alexander Later Criticizes the Confederacy's Conduct of the War, c. 1900 |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Acknowledges That the War Has Changed Course, March 1863 |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Union Army Redefines the Rules of War: Lieber's Code, May 1863 |
|
|
99 | (2) |
|
General William T. Sherman Explains How the War Has Changed, September 1864 |
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
General Ulysses S. Grant Reports His Assignment Accomplished, July 1865 |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
|
|
104 | (20) |
|
The Maryland Campaign in Perspective |
|
|
104 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gestures of Mercy, Pillars of Fire |
|
|
112 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fighting the War: The Soldiers |
|
|
124 | (32) |
|
|
|
125 | (9) |
|
Describes His First Experience with Combat, July 1861 |
|
|
126 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acknowledges the Persistence of Fear (Undated) |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assesses the Contribution of His Family and Community to the War, July 1862 |
|
|
127 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Describes His Reaction to Antietam and to Possible Emancipation, September 1862 |
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discusses Morale among the Soldiers, April 1863 |
|
|
130 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reports on the Aftermath of Gettysburg, July 1863 |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walt Whitman Speculates That ``The Real War Will Never Get in the Books,'' 1882--83 |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
|
|
134 | (22) |
|
A Union Soldier's Experience |
|
|
134 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
From Volunteer to Soldier: The Psychology of Service |
|
|
144 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Abraham Lincoln as Political and Military Leader |
|
|
156 | (30) |
|
|
|
157 | (8) |
|
Lincoln Explains His ``Paramount Object'' of Saving the Union, August 1862 |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
Salmon P. Chase Reports Lincoln's Decision on Emancipation, September 1862 |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
Lincoln Proclaims the Meaning of the Conflict, The Gettysburg Address, November 1863 |
|
|
159 | (1) |
|
Lincoln Recounts How He Proceeded toward Emancipation, April 1864 |
|
|
160 | (1) |
|
Lincoln Reveals an Early Grasp of Military Strategy, January 1862 |
|
|
161 | (1) |
|
Lincoln Advises against Engaging Lee's Army after Gettysburg, September 1863 |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
Wendell Phillips Criticizes Lincoln's War Policy, August 1862 |
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
Congressman Clement L. Vallandigham Condemns the Northern War Effort, January 1863 |
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
|
|
165 | (21) |
|
Emancipating the Republic: Lincoln and the Means and Ends of Antislavery |
|
|
166 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tried by War: Lincoln as Self-Taught Strategist |
|
|
176 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
186 | (29) |
|
|
|
187 | (8) |
|
Henry W. Bellows Explains the Work and Goals of the Sanitary Commission, January 1864 |
|
|
187 | (2) |
|
President Lincoln Addresses the Philadelphia Central Fair, June 1864 |
|
|
189 | (1) |
|
Mary Livermore Recounts How She Organized the Northwestern Sanitary Fair in 1864, 1889 |
|
|
190 | (1) |
|
Martin Ryerson Reports How Workers Are Reacting to the Draft, July 1863 |
|
|
191 | (2) |
|
Trade Union Members Call for an International Industrial Assembly of North America, August 1864 |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
Cincinnati Sewing Women Protest Their Wartime Wages, February 1865 |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
|
|
195 | (20) |
|
Voluntarism in Wartime: Philadelphia's Great Central Fair |
|
|
195 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial Workers and the Costs of War |
|
|
203 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
215 | (31) |
|
|
|
216 | (7) |
|
President Davis Explains the Confederate Cause, December 1862 |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
Governor Joseph E. Brown of Georgia Denounces Confederate Policy, September 1862 |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
Plain Folk Protest the Burden of the War, February 1863 |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
Vice President Alexander H. Stephens Recommends an Alternative Confederate Strategy, January 1864 |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
The North Carolina Legislature Protests the Confederate Draft and Martial Law, May 1864 |
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
The Raleigh North Carolina Standard Urges Voters to Endorse a Negotiated Peace, July 1864 |
|
|
222 | (1) |
|
Congressman Warren Aiken of Georgia Contemplates the Fate of Slavery, October 1864 |
|
|
222 | (1) |
|
|
|
223 | (23) |
|
Dissent in the Confederacy: The North Carolina Experience |
|
|
224 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
234 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
246 | (31) |
|
|
|
247 | (10) |
|
Hannah Ropes Expresses the Frustration of a Union Nurse, October 1862 |
|
|
247 | (2) |
|
Kate Cumming Criticizes Southern Women, September 1863 |
|
|
249 | (1) |
|
Phoebe Yates Pember Commends Southern Women (Undated) |
|
|
250 | (1) |
|
Susie King Taylor Describes Her Role in Union Army Camps, 1864 |
|
|
251 | (1) |
|
Mary Livermore Explains the Role of Women in the Union War Effort, 1889 |
|
|
251 | (2) |
|
Gertude Thomas Finds Confederate Prospects Gloomy, November 1864 |
|
|
253 | (1) |
|
Catherine Edmondston of North Carolina Discusses Matters Public and Domestic, January 1865 |
|
|
254 | (1) |
|
Cornelia Peake McDonald Comments on Class and Conscription, March 1865 |
|
|
255 | (2) |
|
|
|
257 | (20) |
|
Civil War Nurse, Civil War Nursing: Rebecca Usher of Maine |
|
|
257 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patriotism, Sacrifice, and Self-Interest |
|
|
265 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
277 | (34) |
|
|
|
278 | (10) |
|
General Benjamin F. Butler Discovers the ``Contrabands,'' July 1861 |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
The Freedmen's Inquiry Commission Considers Policy toward the Ex-Slaves, June 1863 |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
President Lincoln Defends Emancipation, August 1863 |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
The U. S. Adjutant General Describes the Condition of Fleeing Slaves, August 1863 |
|
|
282 | (2) |
|
Protests the Mistreatment of His Family by the U. S. Army, November 1864 |
|
|
284 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Complains of Racial Discrimination on the Battlefield, August 1864 |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Frederick Douglass States the Freedmen's Demands, April 1865 |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
Gertrude Thomas Is Upset That Her Slaves Are Leaving, May 1865 |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
|
|
288 | (23) |
|
Who Freed the Slaves? Emancipation and its Meaning |
|
|
288 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Black Glory: The African American Role in Union Victory |
|
|
297 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Congress's Terms for the Defeated South |
|
|
311 | (31) |
|
|
|
312 | (9) |
|
Presents His ``Grasp of War'' Theory, June 1865 |
|
|
312 | (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Senator Lyman Trumbull of Illinois Explains His Civil Rights Bill, January and April 1866 |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
Representative Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania States His Terms, January 1867 |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Representative George W. Julian of Indiana Outlines the Scope of Reconstruction, January 1867 |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
Senator John Sherman of Ohio Urges Caution and Moderation, February 1867 |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
Congress's Terms for Readmission and Reconstruction, June 1866 and March 1867 |
|
|
318 | (2) |
|
A North Carolina Republican, Later Condemns Congress's Reconstruction Policy, 1879 |
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
321 | (21) |
|
The Conservative Basis of Radical Reconstruction |
|
|
322 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thaddeus Stevens, Confiscation, and Reconstruction |
|
|
331 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Political and Economic Change in the Reconstruction South |
|
|
342 | (35) |
|
|
|
343 | (8) |
|
South Carolina African Americans Present Their Demands, November 1865 |
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
Mattie Curtis Remembers Her Struggle after Emancipation (Undated) |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Henry Adams Reports on Women and Fieldwork, 1867 |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Richard H. Cain of South Carolina Stresses the Importance of Land, February 1868 |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Edward King Describes the Postwar Plantation System in the Natchez District, 1875 |
|
|
347 | (2) |
|
Albert T. Morgan of Mississippi Recalls His Achievements As Sheriff, 1884 |
|
|
349 | (2) |
|
|
|
351 | (26) |
|
Black Reconstruction Leaders at the Grass Roots |
|
|
351 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Political Economy of the Black Family During Reconstruction |
|
|
359 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Reconstruction of the Cotton Plantation in the New South |
|
|
367 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Southern Republicans and the Problems of Reconstruction |
|
|
377 | (24) |
|
|
|
378 | (9) |
|
Former Governor James L. Orr Defends South Carolina's Republican Government, June 1871 |
|
|
378 | (2) |
|
Representative L. Q. C. Lamar of Mississippi Assails Reconstruction, June 1874 |
|
|
380 | (2) |
|
Governor William P. Kellogg of Louisiana Demands Punishment for the Coushatta Assassins, September 1874 |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
Representative Alexander White of Alabama Defends ``Carpetbaggers,'' February 1875 |
|
|
383 | (2) |
|
Charles Nordhoff Censures Mississippi Politicians, 1875 |
|
|
385 | (1) |
|
Governor Adelbert Ames Deplores the Violence in Mississippi, September 1875 |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
|
|
387 | (14) |
|
Carpetbaggers and the Problems of Republican Rule in the South |
|
|
388 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconstruction under Attack |
|
|
394 | (7) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Northern Retreat from Reconstruction |
|
|
401 | (30) |
|
|
|
402 | (7) |
|
Senator Charles Summer Can No Longer Support President Grant, August 1871 |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri Condemns Reconstruction, January 1872 |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
James Shepherd Pike Offers a Liberal Republican View of Reconstruction, 1873 |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Speaker James G. Blaine Points Out the Results of the Republicans' Generous Amnesty Policy, January 1876 |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
Rutherford B. Hayes Describes His Southern Policy for the 1876 Presidential Campaign, July 1876 |
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
President Grant Disclaims Responsibility for Reconstruction in South Carolina, July 1876 |
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
|
|
409 | (22) |
|
Reconstruction Winds Down: The Grant Years, 1869--1877 |
|
|
409 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reform Republicans and the Retreat From Reconstruction |
|
|
420 | (11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Impact and Significance of the Sectional Conflict |
|
|
431 | (20) |
|
|
|
432 | (19) |
|
The Second American Revolution |
|
|
433 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
One among Many: The Civil War and National Unification |
|
|
442 | (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class and State in Postemacipation Societies |
|
|
451 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Other versions by this Author
