| Contributors |
|
xxi | |
| Abbreviations |
|
xxv | |
|
The biology of the macrophage |
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1 | (72) |
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3 | (1) |
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Macrophage origin and kinetics |
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3 | (3) |
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Humoral control of monocytopoiesis |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (1) |
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Morphology of mononuclear phagocytes |
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9 | (4) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (3) |
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Histochemistry of mononuclear phagocytes |
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13 | (1) |
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Composition and metabolism |
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14 | (2) |
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Macrophage surface receptors |
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16 | (13) |
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Fc and complement receptors |
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16 | (3) |
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19 | (3) |
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22 | (1) |
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Macrophage lipoprotein receptors |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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Adhesion receptors and migration |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (4) |
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29 | (3) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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Relationship to Langerhans cells and other `professional' antigen-presenting cells |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (17) |
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Phagocytosis and destruction of microorganisms |
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32 | (3) |
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35 | (2) |
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Antigen processing and presentation |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (9) |
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47 | (2) |
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Introduction to the role of mononuclear phagocytes in health and disease |
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49 | (7) |
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Role in the acute phase protein response |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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Role in destruction of microorganisms |
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51 | (1) |
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Role in disposal of damaged or senescent red cells |
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52 | (1) |
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Role in wound healing, tissue repair and remodeling |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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Role in central nervous system diseases |
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54 | (1) |
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Role in inflammatory bowel disease |
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54 | (1) |
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Role in resolution of inflammation |
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55 | (1) |
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Role in the response to environmental particles |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (17) |
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57 | (16) |
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Molecular basis of macrophage activation: from gene expression to phenotypic diversity |
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73 | (30) |
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74 | (1) |
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Concepts of macrophage activation |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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Diversity in macrophage activation |
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75 | (3) |
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75 | (2) |
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77 | (1) |
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Initiating stimuli in macrophage activation |
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78 | (3) |
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78 | (1) |
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Early injury and chemotaxis |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Macrophages and acquired immunity |
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80 | (1) |
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Intracellular signaling pathways in macrophage activation |
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81 | (4) |
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Chemoattractant signaling |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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Cytokine family receptor signaling |
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84 | (1) |
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Regulation of gene expression |
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85 | (6) |
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85 | (4) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (12) |
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91 | (12) |
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Macrophages as antigen-presenting cells: relationship to dendritic cells and use in vaccination studies |
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103 | (35) |
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104 | (1) |
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Origins of APCs: from the CD34+ hemopoietic multipotent progenitor to the myelodendritic precursors |
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105 | (3) |
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Searching for the stimuli required for macrophage/DC differentiation: tuning immune responses |
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108 | (2) |
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Inside the dendritic cell system |
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110 | (4) |
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Cross-priming: processing and presentation of exogenous antigens mediated by dendritic cells in vivo |
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114 | (3) |
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Recognition of death: immunological consequences of phagocytosis of apoptotic cells |
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117 | (3) |
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Myeloid dendritic cells hold promise for development of immunotherapy |
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120 | (1) |
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Preclinical studies of tumor antigen presentation by dendritic cells |
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120 | (3) |
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Dendritic cell vaccination in animal tumor model systems |
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120 | (2) |
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Generation of human dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy |
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122 | (1) |
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Clinical trials involving dendritic cell-based vaccination |
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123 | (1) |
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In vivo targeting of APCs: strategies to improve antigen uptake and cross-presentation in vivo |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (14) |
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125 | (13) |
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Macrophage--virus interactions |
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138 | (72) |
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140 | (1) |
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Mononuclear phagocyte (MP) function |
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140 | (8) |
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Phagocytosis and intracellular killing |
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140 | (2) |
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Antigen presentation: class I and II MHC pathways |
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142 | (1) |
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Viral modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion |
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143 | (1) |
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Viruses manipulate MP chemotactic machinery |
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144 | (1) |
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Type I interferons potent antiviral defenses |
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145 | (3) |
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148 | (7) |
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Target cells for viral infection |
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148 | (1) |
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Viral infection and monocyte-macrophage differentiation |
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148 | (4) |
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Viruses prime macrophages for subsequent immune activation |
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152 | (2) |
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Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infection |
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154 | (1) |
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Virus, MP and murine central nervous system diseases |
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155 | (4) |
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Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) |
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155 | (3) |
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Mouse hepatitis virus (JHM-MHV)-induced demyelination |
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158 | (1) |
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MPs and herpesviral infections |
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159 | (6) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (2) |
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Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), and Kaposi's sarcoma |
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162 | (3) |
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Lentivirinae: an overview |
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165 | (2) |
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MP infection: a hallmark of ungulate lentivirus infections |
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167 | (1) |
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HIV infection of macrophages and disease pathogenesis |
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168 | (14) |
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170 | (1) |
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M-tropic virus in the transmission, persistence and progression of HIV-1 infection |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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Chemokine receptor polymorphisms and disease progression |
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173 | (1) |
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HIV-1 infection and pancytopenia |
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174 | (1) |
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HIV-1-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) |
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175 | (1) |
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HIV-1 and pulmonary interstitial pneumonitis |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (2) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (28) |
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183 | (27) |
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Macrophages in bacterial infection |
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210 | (43) |
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212 | (1) |
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Role of macrophages in defense against infection |
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212 | (1) |
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The macrophage as a safe haven for intracellular parasites |
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212 | (1) |
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Phenotypic and genotypic differences among macrophages |
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213 | (4) |
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Phenotypic differences among macrophages |
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213 | (3) |
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Genetic influences on macrophage antibacterial activities |
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216 | (1) |
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Phagocytosis of microorganisms |
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217 | (4) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (1) |
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The process of phagocytosis |
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219 | (2) |
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Phagocytosis of specific bacterial species |
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221 | (1) |
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Bacteriocidal mechanisms of macrophages |
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221 | (3) |
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Oxygen-dependent microbicidal mechanisms |
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222 | (1) |
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Oxygen-independent microbicidal mechanisms |
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223 | (1) |
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Antibacterial secretory activities of macrophages |
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224 | (2) |
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Macrophage activation and antibacterial activities |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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Macrophage products with direct effects on neutrophils |
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226 | (1) |
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Augmentation of macrophage antibacterial function |
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226 | (4) |
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226 | (2) |
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Colony-stimulating factors |
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228 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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Other factors capable of enhancing the microbicidal activity of macrophages |
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229 | (1) |
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Defects in macrophage antibacterial activity |
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230 | (1) |
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Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) |
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230 | (1) |
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Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) |
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230 | (1) |
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Secondary or acquired abnormalities of macrophage function |
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230 | (1) |
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Bacterial strategies for subversion of macrophage defenses |
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231 | (6) |
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Bacterial antiphagocytic strategies |
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231 | (1) |
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Avoidance of phagocytosis |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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Prevention of phagosome-lysosome fusion |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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Resistance to oxidative killing |
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235 | (1) |
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Resistance to non-oxidative killing |
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235 | (1) |
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Failure to trigger a respiratory burst |
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235 | (1) |
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Inhibition of macrophage activation |
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236 | (1) |
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Macrophage killing (apoptosis) |
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236 | (1) |
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Inhibition of antigen presentation |
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237 | (1) |
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237 | (16) |
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237 | (16) |
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Macrophages in parasitic infection |
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253 | (52) |
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255 | (3) |
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Macrophages as host cells of parasitic microorganisms |
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255 | (1) |
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Macrophages as effector cells |
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255 | (1) |
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Macrophages as antigen-presenting cells |
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256 | (2) |
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258 | (8) |
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Recognition/adhesion systems |
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258 | (3) |
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261 | (1) |
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Escape from the parasitophorous vacuole |
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262 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of infection control |
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262 | (2) |
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264 | (1) |
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GM-CSF/TNF-α-mediated lysis of T.cruzi |
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264 | (1) |
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Deficiency of macrophage-mediated antigen presentation |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (10) |
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Recognition/adhesion systems |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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Resistance to the phagosome-lysosome fusion |
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270 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of infection control |
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271 | (3) |
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Deficiency of macrophage-mediated antigen presentation |
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274 | (2) |
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276 | (3) |
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Recognition/adhesion systems |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Inhibition of the phagosome-lysosome fusion |
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278 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of infection control |
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278 | (1) |
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Deficiency of macrophage-mediated antigen presentation |
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279 | (1) |
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279 | (3) |
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Macrophage-T.brucei interactions |
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280 | (1) |
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Nitric oxide-mediated immunosuppression |
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280 | (1) |
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Contrasting effects of TNF-α production by macrophages |
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281 | (1) |
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Deficiency of macrophage-mediated antigen presentation |
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281 | (1) |
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282 | (1) |
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Nitric oxide and infection control |
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282 | (1) |
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Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity |
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282 | (1) |
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The many functions of granuloma macrophages |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (22) |
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284 | (21) |
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Macrophages and Alzheimer's disease |
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305 | (51) |
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306 | (1) |
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Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis |
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307 | (4) |
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APP, Aβ and neuritic plaques formation |
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307 | (1) |
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Tau, presenilins and neurofibrillary tangles formation |
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308 | (1) |
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ApoE and neuronal maintenance |
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308 | (3) |
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Immunity and AD: an overview |
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311 | (1) |
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AD as an inflammatory disease |
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311 | (1) |
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MP recruitment and activation |
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311 | (1) |
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Mechanisms for MP priming and activation in AD |
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312 | (5) |
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312 | (1) |
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Factors involved in MP activation |
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313 | (2) |
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Signal transduction pathways |
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315 | (2) |
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MP function and its relevance to AD pathogenesis |
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317 | (5) |
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318 | (1) |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (3) |
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Mechanisms for MP-induced neuronal demise |
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322 | (6) |
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322 | (3) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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Laboratory and animal models for AD |
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328 | (3) |
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331 | (25) |
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332 | (24) |
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Macrophages in autoimmunity and primary immunodeficiency |
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356 | (35) |
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357 | (1) |
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Role of macrophages in autoimmune disease |
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357 | (14) |
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358 | (6) |
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Multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis |
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364 | (3) |
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367 | (4) |
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Role of macrophages in primary immunodeficiency disease |
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371 | (3) |
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374 | (17) |
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375 | (16) |
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Macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis |
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391 | (43) |
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392 | (1) |
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Bone marrow and blood macrophage precursors in RA |
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393 | (1) |
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Synovial tissue macrophages in RA |
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394 | (16) |
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Synovial membrane histopathology |
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394 | (3) |
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397 | (3) |
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Macrophage chemoattractants in RA |
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400 | (1) |
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Macrophage activation and regulation |
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401 | (3) |
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Transcriptional events and gene expression by synovial tissue macrophages |
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404 | (1) |
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Macrophage apoptosis in the RA synovium |
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404 | (1) |
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Macrophage functions in the RA synovium |
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405 | (5) |
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The effects of treatment on synovial tissue macrophages |
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410 | (2) |
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410 | (1) |
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410 | (1) |
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411 | (1) |
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Macrophages in non-articular tissues in RA |
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412 | (1) |
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412 | (1) |
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Other extra-articular disease |
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413 | (1) |
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413 | (21) |
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413 | (21) |
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Macrophages in wound healing |
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434 | (23) |
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435 | (1) |
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Evidence for the importance of macrophages in wound repair |
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436 | (1) |
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Monocyte recruitment into wounds |
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437 | (2) |
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Activation of macrophages in wounds |
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439 | (1) |
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The wound macrophage phenotype |
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440 | (1) |
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The function of macrophages in wounds |
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441 | (3) |
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Macrophage phagocytic activity in wounds |
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441 | (1) |
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Modulation of angiogenesis by wound macrophages |
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441 | (3) |
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Modulation of fibrogenesis by wound macrophages |
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444 | (1) |
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Augmentation of wound healing by alteration of macrophage function |
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444 | (2) |
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Addition of macrophages directly to the wound |
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444 | (1) |
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Addition of macrophage-stimulating agents or products directly to the wound |
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445 | (1) |
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Macrophage function in special wound healing situations |
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446 | (3) |
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446 | (1) |
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447 | (1) |
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448 | (1) |
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448 | (1) |
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Trauma, hemorrhage and sepsis |
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448 | (1) |
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449 | (8) |
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449 | (8) |
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Macrophages in tumor biology |
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457 | (33) |
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458 | (1) |
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Macrophage differentiation in a tumor spheroid---a model for TAM ontogeny |
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459 | (2) |
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Chemotaxis---regulation of monocyte infiltration into the tumor site |
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461 | (1) |
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The cytokine network within the tumor microenvironment---regulation of tumor growth |
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462 | (1) |
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Tumor-associated macrophages and their pivotal role in angiogenesis |
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463 | (3) |
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The support of angiogenesis by TAMs |
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464 | (1) |
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The inhibition of angiogenesis by TAMs |
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465 | (1) |
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Tumor cytotoxicity of macrophages |
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466 | (4) |
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Recognition of tumor cells by macrophages |
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466 | (1) |
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Mechanisms of cytotoxicity by macrophages |
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467 | (2) |
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Activation of macrophages for tumor cytotoxicity |
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469 | (1) |
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Inhibition of tumor cytotoxicity |
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469 | (1) |
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Regulation of a specific immune response by TAMs |
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470 | (1) |
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Adoptive immunotherapy---macrophage-based approaches |
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471 | (3) |
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Adoptive immunotherapy with human macrophage cells |
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471 | (2) |
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Use of monocyte-derived cells to present antigen |
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473 | (1) |
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474 | (16) |
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474 | (16) |
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Macrophages in cardiovascular disease |
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490 | (33) |
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491 | (1) |
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Atherosclerosis and macrophages |
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491 | (5) |
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491 | (1) |
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The atherosclerotic artery |
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492 | (2) |
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The role of macrophages in atherosclerosis |
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494 | (2) |
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Characteristics of macrophage foam cells in atherosclerotic plaque |
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496 | (4) |
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Morphology of macrophage foam cells in plaque |
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496 | (1) |
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Protein expression by atherosclerotic lesion macrophages |
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497 | (1) |
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Lipid composition of foam cell macrophages and cell-rich plaques |
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498 | (2) |
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Mechanisms for macrophage foam cell formation |
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500 | (3) |
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500 | (3) |
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Control of cellular cholesterol levels |
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503 | (1) |
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Lipoprotein oxidation, macrophages and atherosclerosis |
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503 | (5) |
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The likely importance of LDL oxidation in atherosclerosis |
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503 | (1) |
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Macrophage-mediated oxidation of LDL |
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504 | (2) |
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Inhibitory actions of macrophages in LDL oxidation |
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506 | (1) |
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Likely role of macrophages in LDL oxidation in vivo |
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507 | (1) |
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Metabolism of oxidized lipoproteins |
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508 | (1) |
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Effects of macrophage lipid accumulation on cell function |
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508 | (2) |
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Macrophage-derived inflammatory mediators |
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508 | (1) |
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Lipoproteins and macrophage proliferation |
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509 | (1) |
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509 | (1) |
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Reverse cholesterol transport |
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510 | (1) |
|
Export of cholesterol from macrophage foam cells |
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510 | (6) |
|
Routes for cholesterol disposal in foam cells |
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510 | (1) |
|
Properties of cholesterol acceptors for macrophages |
|
|
511 | (1) |
|
Mechanisms for cholesterol export from macrophages |
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|
512 | (2) |
|
Plasma membrane determinants of cholesterol export |
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514 | (2) |
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516 | (7) |
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|
516 | (7) |
|
Macrophages in the central nervous system |
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523 | (25) |
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524 | (1) |
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525 | (8) |
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|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Morphology, phenotype and distribution |
|
|
526 | (4) |
|
|
|
530 | (2) |
|
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
Other macrophages in the central nervous system |
|
|
533 | (2) |
|
|
|
533 | (1) |
|
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
|
|
534 | (1) |
|
Response of microglia to injury |
|
|
535 | (6) |
|
|
|
541 | (7) |
|
|
|
541 | (7) |
|
Macrophages in reproductive biology |
|
|
548 | (29) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
|
|
549 | (5) |
|
Macrophages in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis |
|
|
549 | (3) |
|
Macrophages in follicular atresia and regression of the corpus luteum |
|
|
552 | (2) |
|
|
|
554 | (3) |
|
Cytology and classification |
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
Endometriosis and peritoneal macrophages |
|
|
555 | (2) |
|
Macrophages in Fallopian tubes |
|
|
557 | (3) |
|
Macrophages in the oviductal lumen |
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
Macrophages in the endosalpingeal stroma and smooth muscle layer |
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
Endometrial/decidual macrophages |
|
|
560 | (3) |
|
Decidual macrophages and immunoregulation |
|
|
561 | (2) |
|
Macrophages in spiral arteries of the placental bed |
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
Villous macrophages (Hofbauer cells) |
|
|
563 | (6) |
|
Cytological characteristics |
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
|
|
564 | (1) |
|
|
|
565 | (4) |
|
|
|
569 | (8) |
|
|
|
570 | (7) |
|
Macrophages in gene therapy: cellular targets and gene delivery vehicles |
|
|
577 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
Methods used for gene transfer to macrophages |
|
|
578 | (6) |
|
|
|
579 | (2) |
|
|
|
581 | (3) |
|
Macrophages as targets for gene therapy |
|
|
584 | (4) |
|
|
|
584 | (1) |
|
|
|
585 | (1) |
|
|
|
586 | (1) |
|
|
|
586 | (1) |
|
|
|
586 | (1) |
|
Lysosomal storage diseases |
|
|
587 | (1) |
|
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
|
|
587 | (1) |
|
|
|
587 | (1) |
|
|
|
588 | (1) |
|
Macrophages as gene delivery vehicles |
|
|
588 | (4) |
|
|
|
588 | (1) |
|
|
|
589 | (1) |
|
Lysosomal storage diseases |
|
|
589 | (1) |
|
Use of macrophages to synthesize/deliver therapeutic viruses |
|
|
589 | (1) |
|
Homing of macrophages to diseased sites after ex vivo manipulation |
|
|
590 | (2) |
|
Transcriptional targeting to overcome the lack of specificity of macrophage homing |
|
|
592 | (1) |
|
|
|
592 | (7) |
|
|
|
593 | (6) |
|
Use of mathematical models to simulate and predict macrophage activity in diseased tissues |
|
|
599 | (29) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
600 | (1) |
|
The role of mathematical modeling in Medicine |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
Macrophage dynamics in tumors |
|
|
602 | (18) |
|
Antitumor effects and imunotherapy |
|
|
603 | (6) |
|
Macrophage infiltration into solid tumors |
|
|
609 | (11) |
|
Macrophages as a primary site for HIV infection |
|
|
620 | (3) |
|
Macrophage--HIV interactions |
|
|
620 | (2) |
|
|
|
622 | (1) |
|
Macrophage--HIV--T cell interactions |
|
|
623 | (1) |
|
Topics ripe for mathematical modeling |
|
|
623 | (2) |
|
|
|
624 | (1) |
|
|
|
624 | (1) |
|
|
|
624 | (1) |
|
|
|
625 | (1) |
|
|
|
625 | (3) |
|
|
|
628 | (1) |
| References |
|
628 | (4) |
| Appendix: some mathematical details |
|
632 | (3) |
| Index |
|
635 | |