Foundations of Athletic Training Prevention, Assessment, and Management,9780781750011

Foundations of Athletic Training Prevention, Assessment, and Management

by ; ;
Edition: 3rd
ISBN13: 9780781750011
ISBN10: 0781750016
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2004-06-24
Publisher(s): LWW
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Summary

Formerly titled Sports Injury Management, this new edition of this solid textbook is geared particularly to athletic trainers and athletic training students. It uses a problem-solving approach to explain the core information an athletic trainer needs to know including prevention, recognition, assessment, management, and disposition of sports-related injuries and diseases. Features to the new edition include a taping chapter; correlation of the content to the NATA Board of Certification (BOC) Role Delineation Study for exam preparation; additional management algorithms and field strategies; a student study CD-ROM with an anatomy reference and a student study tool; and more. Additional resources are available at the Connection Website, http://connection.lww.com/go/anderson3E.

Table of Contents

Foreword v
Preface vii
How to Use This Book xi
Acknowledgments xv
Reviewers xvii
SECTION I Foundations of Athletic Training: Prevention, Assessment, and Management
1(92)
Sports Injury Management and the Athletic Trainer
3(16)
The Primary Sports Medicine Team
4(5)
Team Physician
4(1)
Primary Care Physician
4(1)
Athletic Trainer
5(2)
The Coach or Sport Supervisor
7(1)
Sport Participant
8(1)
Athletic Training Student
8(1)
Physical Therapist
8(1)
Standards of Professional Practice
9(1)
The ATC© Credential
9(1)
Continuing Education Requirements
9(1)
Registration and Licensure
9(1)
Career Opportunities in Athletic Training
10(2)
High School and Collegiate Settings
10(1)
Sports Medicine Clinics
11(1)
Dual High School/Clinic Athletic Trainer
11(1)
Industrial Health Care Programs
11(1)
Professional Sport Teams
11(1)
Legal Considerations
12(7)
Standard of Care
12(1)
Clearance for Participation
12(1)
Negligence
12(1)
Legal Liabilities
13(2)
Legal Defenses
15(1)
Preventing Litigation
16(3)
Preparticipation Examinations
19(24)
Goals of the Preparticipation Examination
20(1)
Setting up the Examination
20(3)
Examination Format
20(1)
Timing of the Examination
21(1)
Frequency of the Examination
21(2)
Medical History
23(2)
The Physical examination
25(10)
Vital Signs
25(1)
General Medical Problems
25(2)
Cardiovascular Examination
27(1)
Pulmonary Examination
28(1)
Musculoskeletal Examination
28(1)
Neurologic Examination
29(1)
Eye Examination
30(2)
Dental Examination
32(1)
Gastrointestinal Examination
32(1)
Genitourinary Examination
33(1)
Dermatological Examination
33(1)
Examination for Heat Disorders
34(1)
Laboratory Tests
34(1)
Physical Fitness Profile
35(3)
Body Composition and Anthropometry
35(1)
Maturation and Growth
35(1)
Flexibility
35(1)
Strength, Power, and Speed
36(1)
Agility, Balance, and Reaction Time
36(1)
Cardiovascular Endurance
37(1)
Clearance for Participation
38(5)
Protective Equipment
43(22)
Principles of Protective Equipment
44(2)
Materials Used
44(2)
Construction of Custom Pads and Protective Devices
46(1)
Rules Regarding Protective Pads
46(1)
Liability and Equipment Standards
46(1)
Protective Equipment for the Head and Face
47(6)
Football Helmets
47(2)
Ice Hockey Helmets
49(1)
Batting Helmets
49(1)
Other Helmets
49(1)
Face Guards
50(1)
Eye Wear
50(2)
Ear Wear
52(1)
Mouthguards
52(1)
Throat and Neck Protectors
52(1)
Protective Equipment for the Upper Body
53(4)
Shoulder Protection
53(1)
Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand Protection
54(1)
Thorax, Rib, and Abdominal Protection
54(1)
Sport Bras
55(1)
Lumbar/Sacral Protection
56(1)
Protective Equipment for the Lower Body
57(8)
Hip and Buttock Protection
57(1)
Thigh Protection
57(1)
Knee and Patella Protection
58(1)
Lower Leg Protection
59(1)
Ankle and Foot Protection
59(3)
Foot Orthotics
62(3)
Protective Taping and Wrapping
65(28)
Principles of Taping and Wrapping
66(4)
Types of Tape and Wraps
67(1)
Application of Tape
67(1)
Removal of Tape
68(1)
Application of Wraps
69(1)
Common Taping and Wrapping Techniques
70(23)
Taping and Wrapping Techniques of the Lower Extremity
70(16)
Taping and Wrapping Techniques of the Upper Extremity
86(7)
SECTION II Injury Assessment and Rehabilitation
93(128)
Sport Injury Assessment
95(42)
The Injury Evaluation Process
96(3)
HOPS Format
96(1)
SOAP Note Format
97(2)
History of the Injury
99(5)
Primary Complaint
101(1)
Mechanism of Injury
102(1)
Characteristics of the Symptoms
102(1)
Disability Resulting From the Injury
103(1)
Related Medical History
103(1)
Observation and Inspection
104(2)
Observation
104(1)
Inspection of the Injury Site
105(1)
Palpation
106(2)
Physical Examination Tests
108(8)
Functional Testing
108(5)
Ligamentous and Capsular Testing
113(1)
Neurologic Testing
114(2)
Activity-specific Functional Testing
116(1)
The Emergency Medical Services System
116(5)
Pre-season Preparation
117(2)
Responsibilities of Medical Personnel
119(2)
Emergency Injury Assessment
121(7)
Equipment considerations
122(2)
On-Site History
124(1)
On-Site Observation and Inspection
124(1)
On-Site Palpation
125(1)
On-Site Functional Testing
126(1)
On-Site Stress Testing
126(1)
On-Site Neurologic Testing
126(1)
Vital Signs
126(2)
Disposition
128(1)
Moving the Injured Participant
128(1)
Ambulatory Assistance
129(1)
Manual Conveyance
129(1)
Transporting by Spine Board
129(1)
Pool Extrication
129(1)
Diagnostic Testing
129(8)
Laboratory Tests
129(1)
Radiographs
129(3)
Computerized Tomography (CT Scan)
132(1)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
132(1)
Radionuclide Scintigraph (Bone Scan)
133(1)
Ultrasonic Imaging
134(1)
Electromyography
134(3)
Tissue Healing and Wound Care
137(26)
Injury Mechanisms
138(3)
Force and Its Effects
138(2)
Torque and Its Effects
140(1)
Soft Tissue Injuries
141(11)
Anatomical Properties of Soft Tissue
141(2)
Skin Injury Classifications
143(1)
Other Soft Tissue Injury Classifications
143(3)
Soft Tissue Healing
146(3)
Soft Tissue Wound Care
149(3)
Bone Injuries
152(5)
Anatomical Properties of Bone
152(1)
Bone Injury Classifications
153(2)
Epiphyseal Injury Classifications
155(1)
Bony Tissue Healing
156(1)
Bone Injury Management
156(1)
Nerve Injuries
157(2)
Anatomical Properties of Nerve
158(1)
Nerve Injury Classifications
158(1)
Nerve Healing
158(1)
Management of Nerve Injuries
159(1)
Pain
159(4)
The Neurological Basis of Pain
159(1)
Factors that Mediate Pain
160(1)
Referred Pain and Radiating Pain
160(3)
Therapeutic Modalities
163(28)
Electromagnetic Spectrum
164(3)
Ionizing Range
164(1)
Non-ionizing Range
164(1)
Transfer of Energy
165(1)
Factors Affecting Energy Transfer
165(1)
Energy's Effect on Tissue
166(1)
Cryotherapy
167(5)
Ice Massage
168(1)
Ice Packs and Contoured Cryo Cuffs™
168(1)
Ice Immersion
169(1)
Contrast Bath
170(1)
Commercial Gel and Chemical Packs
170(1)
Intermittent Compression Units
171(1)
Vapocoolant Sprays
171(1)
Thermotherapy
172(2)
Whirlpool and Immersion Baths
172(1)
Hot Tubs and Jacuzzis
173(1)
Moist Hot Packs
173(1)
Paraffin Baths
174(1)
Fluidotherapy
174(1)
Ultrasound
174(3)
The Ultrasound Wave
175(1)
Frequency and Attenuation
175(1)
Types of Waves
175(1)
Intensity
175(1)
Clinical Uses of Ultrasound
175(1)
Application
176(1)
Phonophoresis
177(1)
Diathermy
177(1)
Continuous Shortwave Diathermy
177(1)
Pulsed Shortwave Diathermy
178(1)
Electrotherapy
178(6)
Principles of Electricity
178(1)
Types of Currents
179(1)
Current Modifications
179(2)
Electrical Stimulating Units
181(3)
Other Treatment Modalities
184(3)
Massage
184(1)
Traction
185(1)
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM)
186(1)
Medications
187(4)
Therapeutic Exercise
191(30)
Psychological Aspects of the Injured Participant
192(6)
Goal Setting
193(1)
Psychological Influences
194(2)
Interventions
196(1)
The Athletic Trainer's Role
196(1)
Referral for Psychological Problems
197(1)
Developing a Therapeutic Exercise Program
198(2)
Assess the Patient
198(1)
Interpret the Assessment
198(1)
Establish Goals
198(1)
Develop and Supervise the Treatment Plan
199(1)
Reassess the Progress of the Program
199(1)
Phase One: Controlling Inflammation
200(4)
Control of Inflammation
200(1)
Effects of Immobilization
201(1)
Effects of Remobilization
202(1)
Protection After Injury
203(1)
Phase Two: Restoration of Motion
204(7)
Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
204(3)
Active Assisted Range of Motion (AAROM)
207(1)
Active Range of Motion (AROM)
208(1)
Resisted Range of Motion (RROM)
208(2)
Proprioception
210(1)
Open vs. Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises
210(1)
Phase Three: Developing Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
211(4)
Muscular Strength
212(1)
Muscular Endurance
213(1)
Muscular Power
213(1)
Functional Application of Exercise
213(2)
Phase Four: Return to Sport Activity
215(6)
Coordination
216(1)
Sport-Specific Skill Conditioning
216(2)
Cardiovascular Endurance
218(3)
SECTION III Axial Region
221(122)
Head and Facial Conditions
223(38)
Anatomy Review of the Head and Facial Region
224(4)
Bones of the Skull
224(1)
The Scalp
224(1)
The Brain
224(1)
The Eyes
224(3)
The Nose
227(1)
The Ear
227(1)
Nerves of the Head and Face
227(1)
Blood Vessels of the Head and Face
228(1)
Prevention of Head and Facial Injuries
228(1)
Scalp Injuries
229(1)
Cranial Injury Mechanisms
229(1)
Skull Fractures
230(1)
Focal Cerebral Conditions
231(2)
Epidural Hematoma
231(1)
Subdural Hematoma
232(1)
Cerebral Contusion
232(1)
Diffuse Cerebral Conditions
233(4)
Concussions
233(3)
Post-traumatic Headaches
236(1)
Postconcussion Syndrome
236(1)
Second Impact Syndrome
236(1)
Assessment of Cranial Conditions
237(6)
Vital Signs
237(1)
History and Mental Status Testing
237(1)
Observation and Inspection
238(1)
Palpation
239(1)
Neurologic Tests
239(3)
External Provocative Tests
242(1)
Determination of Findings
243(1)
Facial Conditions
243(4)
Facial Soft Tissue Conditions
244(1)
Temporomandibular Joint Conditions
244(1)
Facial Fractures
245(2)
Nasal Conditions
247(2)
Epistaxis
247(1)
Deviated Septum
247(1)
Nasal Fractures
248(1)
Oral and Dental Conditions
249(2)
Periodontal Disease
250(1)
Dental Caries (Tooth Decay)
250(1)
Mouth Lacerations
250(1)
Loose Teeth
250(1)
Fractured Tooth
251(1)
Dislocated Tooth
251(1)
Ear Conditions
251(2)
External Ear Conditions
251(1)
Internal Ear Conditions
252(1)
Tympanic Membrane Rupture
253(1)
Eye Conditions
253(8)
Periorbital Ecchymosis
253(1)
Foreign Bodies
254(1)
Sty
254(1)
Conjunctivitis (Pinkeye)
254(1)
Corneal Abrasion
254(1)
Corneal Laceration
254(1)
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
255(1)
Hemorrhage into the Anterior Chamber
255(1)
Detached Retina
256(1)
Orbital Blowout Fracture
257(1)
Displaced Contact Lens
257(4)
Spinal Conditions
261(48)
Anatomy Review of the Spine
262(5)
Spinal Column and Vertebrae
262(1)
Intervertebral Discs
262(1)
Ligaments of the Spine
263(1)
Muscles of the Spine and Trunk
264(1)
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
264(3)
Kinematics and Major Muscle Actions of the Spine
267(1)
Flexion, Extension, and Hyperextension
267(1)
Lateral Flexion and Rotation
268(1)
Kinetics of the Spine
268(1)
Effect of Body Position
268(1)
Effect of Movement Speed and Impact
268(1)
Anatomical Variations Predisposing Individuals to Spinal Conditions
269(2)
Kyphosis
269(1)
Scoliosis
270(1)
Lordosis
270(1)
Pars Interarticularis Fractures
270(1)
Prevention of Spinal Conditions
271(1)
Protective Equipment
272(1)
Physical Conditioning
272(1)
Proper Skill Technique
272(1)
Cervical Spine Conditions
272(5)
Cervical Sprains
272(1)
Cervical Strains
272(3)
Cervical Spinal Stenosis
275(1)
Spear Tackler's Spine
276(1)
Cervical Disc Injuries
276(1)
Cervical Fractures and Dislocations
276(1)
Brachial Plexus Conditions
277(2)
Acute Burners
277(2)
Chronic Burners
279(1)
Suprascapular Nerve Injury
279(1)
Thoracic Spine Conditions
279(1)
Thoracic Contusions, Strains, and Sprains
279(1)
Thoracic Spinal Fractures and Apophysitis
279(1)
Lumbar Spine Conditions
280(5)
Lumbar Contusions, Strains, and Sprains
281(1)
Low Back Pain in Runners
281(1)
Facet Joint Pathology
282(1)
Sciatica
282(1)
Lumbar Disc Conditions
283(1)
Lumbar Fractures and Dislocations
284(1)
Sacrum and Coccyx Conditions
285(1)
Sacroiliac Joint Sprain
285(1)
Coccygeal Conditions
285(1)
Assessment of Spinal Conditions
286(1)
History
286(1)
Observation and Inspection
286(4)
Posture
288(1)
Scan Exam
289(1)
Gait Assessment
290(1)
Inspection of the Injury Site
290(1)
Gross Neuromuscular Assessment
290(1)
Palpation
290(1)
Anterior Aspect
290(1)
Posterior Aspect
291(1)
Physical Examination Tests
291(12)
Functional Tests
291(1)
Stress and Functional Tests
292(8)
Neurologic Tests
300(2)
Activity-specific Functional Testing
302(1)
Rehabilitation
303(6)
Relief of Pain and Muscle Tension
303(1)
Restoration of Motion
304(1)
Restoration of Proprioception and Balance
304(2)
Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
306(1)
Cardiovascular Fitness
306(3)
Thorax and Visceral Conditions
309(34)
Anatomy Review of the Throat
310(1)
Pharynx, Larynx, and Esophagus
310(1)
Trachea
310(1)
Blood Vessels of the Throat
310(1)
Anatomy Review of the Thorax
311(2)
Thoracic Cage and Pleura
311(1)
Bronchial Tree and Lungs
311(1)
Heart
311(1)
Muscles of the Thorax
312(1)
Anatomy Review of the Visceral Region
313(3)
Pelvic Girdle and Abdominal Cavity
313(1)
Visceral Organs
314(1)
Blood Vessels of the Trunk
315(1)
Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle
315(1)
Anatomy of the Genitalia
316(1)
Female Reproductive System
316(1)
Male Reproductive System
317(1)
Prevention of Injuries to the Throat, Thorax, and Viscera
317(1)
Protective Equipment
317(1)
Physical Conditioning
318(1)
Throat Conditions
318(1)
Thoracic Conditions
319(3)
Stitch in the Side
319(1)
Breast Conditions
320(1)
Gynecomastia
320(1)
Strain of the Pectoralis Major Muscle
320(1)
Costochondral Injury
321(1)
Sternal Fractures
321(1)
Rib Fractures
321(1)
Internal Complications
322(3)
Hyperventilation
323(1)
Pulmonary Contusion
323(1)
Pneumothorax
323(1)
Hemothorax
324(1)
Tension Pneumothorax
324(1)
Traumatic Asphyxia
324(1)
Heart Injuries
324(1)
Sudden Death in Athletes
325(1)
Athletic Heart Syndrome
325(1)
Abdominal Wall Conditions
325(2)
Skin Wounds and Contusions
325(1)
Muscle Strains
325(1)
Solar Plexus Contusion (``Wind Knocked Out'')
326(1)
Hernias
326(1)
Intra-abdominal Conditions
327(4)
Splenic Rupture
327(1)
Liver Contusion and Rupture
328(1)
Appendicitis
328(1)
Renal and Genitourinary Conditions
328(3)
Injuries and Conditions of the Genitalia
331(2)
Male Genital Injuries
331(2)
Female Genital Injuries
333(1)
Assessment of Throat, Thorax, and Visceral Conditions
333(1)
History
333(2)
Observation and Inspection
335(4)
Inspection
335(1)
Auscultation and Percussion
336(3)
Palpation
339(2)
Physical Examination Tests
341(2)
Vital Signs
341(1)
Urinalysis
341(1)
Neurologic Tests
341(2)
SECTION IV Upper Extremity
343(114)
Shoulder Conditions
345(46)
Anatomy Review of the Shoulder
346(5)
Sternoclavicular Joint
346(1)
Acromioclavicular Joint
346(1)
Coracoclavicular Joint
347(1)
Glenohumeral Joint
347(1)
Scapulothoracic Joint
348(1)
Muscles of the Shoulder
349(1)
Bursae
349(1)
Nerves of the Shoulder
350(1)
Blood Vessels of the Shoulder
350(1)
Kinematics and Major Muscle Actions of the Shoulder Complex
351(3)
Throwing
351(1)
Coordination of Shoulder Movements
352(1)
Glenohumeral Flexion
352(1)
Glenohumeral Extension
353(1)
Glenohumeral Abduction
353(1)
Glenohumeral Adduction
353(1)
Lateral and Medial Rotation of the Humerus
353(1)
Kinetics of the Shoulder
354(1)
Prevention of Shoulder Conditions
354(2)
Protective Equipment
354(1)
Physical Conditioning
354(1)
Proper Skill Technique
355(1)
Sprains to the Shoulder Complex
356(6)
Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain
357(1)
Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain
358(2)
Glenohumeral Joint Sprain
360(1)
Glenohumeral Instability
360(1)
Glenohumeral Dislocations and Subluxations
361(1)
Glenoid Labrum Tears
362(1)
Overuse Conditions
362(4)
Rotator Cuff/Impingement Injuries
363(1)
Bursitis
364(1)
Bicipital Tendinitis
365(1)
Biceps Tendon Rupture
365(1)
Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndrome
366(1)
Fractures
366(3)
Clavicular Fractures
367(1)
Scapular Fractures
368(1)
Epiphyseal and Avulsion Fractures
368(1)
Humeral Fractures
369(1)
Assessment of Shoulder Conditions
369(2)
History
371(1)
Observation and Inspection
371(2)
Palpation
373(1)
Anterior Palpation
373(1)
Lateral Palpation
373(1)
Posterior Palpation
373(1)
Physical Examination Tests
373(11)
Functional Tests
373(3)
Stress Tests
376(6)
Neurologic Tests
382(2)
Activity-specific Functional Tests
384(1)
Rehabilitation
384(7)
Restoration of Motion
385(1)
Restoration of Proprioception and Balance
385(1)
Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
385(2)
Cardiovascular Fitness
387(4)
Upper Arm, Elbow, and Forearm Conditions
391(30)
Anatomy Review of the Elbow
392(3)
Humeroulnar Joint
393(1)
Humeroradial Joint
393(1)
Proximal Radioulnar Joint
393(1)
Carrying Angle
393(1)
Ligaments of the Elbow
393(1)
Bursae of the Elbow
394(1)
Muscles of the Elbow
394(1)
Nerves of the Elbow
395(1)
Blood Vessels of the Elbow
395(1)
Kinematics and Major Muscle Actions of the Elbow
395(1)
Flexion and Extension
395(1)
Pronation and Supination
396(1)
Kinetics of the Elbow
396(1)
Prevention of Elbow Conditions
397(2)
Protective Equipment
397(1)
Physical Conditioning
397(2)
Proper Skill Technique
399(1)
Contusions
399(1)
Olecranon Bursitis
400(1)
Acute and Chronic Bursitis
400(1)
Septic and Non-septic Bursitis
400(1)
Sprains
400(2)
Anterior Capsulitis
401(1)
Dislocations
401(1)
Strains
402(2)
Flexor and Extensor Strains
402(1)
Rupture of the Biceps Brachii
403(1)
Rupture of the Triceps Brachii
404(1)
Compartment Syndrome
404(1)
Overuse Conditions
404(4)
Medial Epicondylitis
405(1)
Common Extensor Tendinitis (Lateral Epicondylitis)
405(1)
Neural Entrapment Injuries
406(2)
Fractures
408(3)
Epiphyseal and Avulsion Fractures
408(1)
Stress Fractures
409(1)
Osteochondritis Desiccans
409(1)
Displaced and Undisplaced Fractures
409(1)
Fracture Management
409(2)
Assessment of Elbow Conditions
411(1)
History
412(1)
Observation and Inspection
412(1)
Palpation
413(1)
Anterior Palpation
413(1)
Lateral Palpation
413(1)
Posterior Palpation
413(1)
Medial Palpation
413(1)
Physical Examination Tests
413(4)
Functional Tests
414(1)
Stress Tests
414(2)
Neurologic Tests
416(1)
Activity-specific Functional Tests
417(1)
Rehabilitation
417(4)
Restoration of Motion
417(1)
Restoration of Proprioception and Balance
418(1)
Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
418(1)
Cardiovascular Fitness
419(2)
Wrist and Hand Conditions
421(36)
Anatomy Review of the Wrist and Hand
422(5)
Wrist Articulations
422(1)
Hand Articulations
423(1)
Muscles of the Wrist and Hand
423(3)
Nerves of the Wrist and Hand
426(1)
Blood Vessels of the Wrist and Hand
426(1)
Kinematics and Major Muscle Actions of the Wrist and Hand
427(1)
Flexion
427(1)
Extension and Hyperextension
427(1)
Radial and Ulnar Deviation
427(1)
Carpometacarpal Joint Motion
427(1)
Metacarpophalangeal Joint Motion
427(1)
Interphalangeal Joint Motion
427(1)
Kinetics of the Wrist and Hand
428(1)
Prevention of Wrist and Hand Conditions
428(1)
Protective Equipment
428(1)
Physical Conditioning
428(1)
Proper Skill Technique
429(1)
Contusions and Abrasions
429(1)
Sprains
429(3)
Wrist Sprains
429(1)
Gamekeeper's Thumb
429(1)
Interphalangeal Collateral Ligament Sprains
430(1)
Dislocations
430(2)
Strains
432(3)
Jersey Finger (Profundus Tendon Rupture)
432(1)
Mallet Finger
432(1)
Boutonniere Deformity
433(1)
Tendinoplasties
433(2)
Ganglion Cysts
435(1)
Fingertip Conditions
435(2)
Subungual Hematomas
435(2)
Paronychia
437(1)
Nerve Entrapment Syndromes
437(3)
Median Nerve Entrapment
437(1)
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
438(2)
Radial Nerve Entrapment
440(1)
Fractures to the Wrist and Hand
440(5)
Distal Radial and Ulnar Fractures
440(1)
Carpal Fractures
441(1)
Metacarpal Fractures
442(3)
Phalangeal Fractures
445(1)
Assessment of Wrist and Hand Conditions
445(1)
History
445(1)
Observation and Inspection
446(1)
Palpation
447(1)
Dorsal Aspect
447(1)
Palmar Aspect
448(1)
Physical Examination Tests
448(5)
Functional Tests
448(1)
Stress Tests
449(3)
Neurologic Tests
452(1)
Activity-specific Functional Tests
453(1)
Rehabilitation
453(4)
Restoration of Motion
454(1)
Restoration of Proprioception and Balance
454(1)
Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
454(1)
Cardiovascular Fitness
454(3)
SECTION V Lower Extremity
457(142)
Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh Conditions
459(40)
Anatomy Review of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
460(5)
The Pelvis
460(1)
Bony Structure of the Thigh
461(1)
The Hip Joint
462(1)
Hip Joint Capsule
462(1)
Ligaments of the Hip Joint
463(1)
Femoral Triangle
463(1)
Bursae
463(1)
Q-Angle
463(1)
Muscles of the Hip Joint
464(1)
Nerves of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
465(1)
Blood Vessels of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
465(1)
Kinematics and Major Muscle Actions of the Hip
465(2)
Pelvic Positioning
465(1)
Flexion
466(1)
Extension
466(1)
Abduction
466(1)
Adduction
466(1)
Medial and Lateral Rotation of the Femur
467(1)
Kinetics of the Hip
467(1)
Forces at the Hip during Standing
467(1)
Forces at the Hip during Gait
467(1)
Prevention of Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh Conditions
467(1)
Protective Equipment
468(1)
Physical Conditioning
468(1)
Shoe Selection
468(1)
Contusions
468(4)
Hip Pointer
468(2)
Quadriceps Contusion
470(1)
Myositis Ossificans
470(1)
Acute Compartment Syndrome
471(1)
Bursitis
472(1)
Greater Trochanteric Bursitis
472(1)
Iliopsoas Bursitis
472(1)
Ischial Bursitis
472(1)
Management of Bursitis
473(1)
Snapping Hip Syndrome
473(1)
Sprains and Dislocations
473(1)
Strains
474(3)
Quadriceps Strain
474(1)
Hamstrings Strains
475(1)
Adductor (Groin) Strain
475(1)
Gluteal Muscles
476(1)
Piriformis Syndrome
476(1)
Management of Strains
476(1)
Vascular and Neural Disorders
477(1)
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
477(1)
Venous Disorders
478(1)
Toxic Synovitis
478(1)
Obturator Nerve Entrapment
478(1)
Hip Fractures
478(3)
Avulsion Fractures
479(1)
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
479(1)
Stress Fractures
480(1)
Osteitis Pubis
480(1)
Displaced and Nondisplaced Pelvic Fractures
480(1)
Sacral and Coccygeal Fractures
481(1)
Femoral Fractures
481(1)
Assessment of Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh Conditions
481(1)
History
482(1)
Observation and Inspection
482(3)
Palpation
485(1)
Anterior Palpation
486(1)
Posterior Palpation
486(1)
Physical Examination Tests
486(10)
Functional Tests
486(2)
Stress Tests
488(7)
Neurologic Tests
495(1)
Activity-specific Functional Tests
495(1)
Rehabilitation
496(3)
Restoration of Motion
496(1)
Restoration of Proprioception and Balance
496(1)
Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
496(1)
Cardiovascular Fitness
496(3)
Knee Conditions
499(52)
Anatomy Review of the Knee
500(6)
Bony Structure of the Knee
500(1)
Tibiofemoral Joint
501(1)
Menisci
502(1)
Joint Capsule and Bursae
502(1)
Ligaments of the Knee
503(1)
Other Structures Stabilizing the Knee
503(1)
Patellofemoral Joint
503(2)
Muscles Crossing the Knee
505(1)
Nerves of the Knee
505(1)
Blood Vessels of the Knee
505(1)
Kinematics and Major Muscle Actions of the Knee
506(1)
Flexion and Extension
506(1)
Rotation and Passive Abduction and Adduction
507(1)
Knee Motion During Gait
507(1)
Patellofemoral Joint Motion
507(1)
Kinetics of the Knee
507(1)
Forces at the Tibiofemoral Joints
507(1)
Forces at the Patellofemoral Joint
507(1)
Prevention of Knee Conditions
508(1)
Physical Conditioning
508(1)
Rule Changes
508(1)
Shoe Design
508(1)
Contusions
508(3)
Fat Pad Contusion
508(1)
Peroneal Nerve Contusion
508(3)
Bursitis
511(1)
Ligamentous Conditions
512(7)
Unidirectional Instabilities
512(4)
Multidirectional Instabilities
516(1)
Knee Dislocations
517(1)
Management of Ligament Conditions
517(2)
Meniscal Conditions
519(1)
Patellar and Related Conditions
520(6)
Patellofemoral Stress Syndrome
521(1)
Chondromalacia Patellae
522(1)
Patellar Instability and Dislocations
522(1)
Patella Plica Syndrome
523(1)
Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper's Knee)
524(1)
Osgood-Schlatter's Disease
524(1)
Sinding-Larsen-Johansson's Disease
525(1)
Extensor Tendon Rupture
525(1)
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome
526(1)
Fractures and Associated Conditions
527(3)
Avulsion Fractures
527(1)
Epiphyseal and Apophyseal Fractures
527(1)
Stress Fractures
528(1)
Chondral and Osteochondral Fractures
528(1)
Osteochondritis Dissecans
529(1)
Patellar Fractures
530(1)
Assessing Knee Conditions
530(1)
History
530(2)
Observation and Inspection
532(1)
Palpation
533(3)
Anterior Palpation
534(1)
Posterior Palpation with Knee Slightly Flexed
535(1)
Palpation for Swelling
535(1)
Physical Examination Tests
536(10)
Functional Tests
536(1)
Stress Tests
536(9)
Neurologic Tests
545(1)
Activity-specific Functional Tests
546(1)
Rehabilitation
546(5)
Restoration of Motion
547(1)
Restoration of Proprioception and Balance
547(1)
Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
548(1)
Cardiovascular Fitness
549(2)
Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot Conditions
551(48)
Anatomy Review of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
552(6)
Forefoot
552(1)
Midfoot
553(1)
Hindfoot
554(1)
Tibiofibular Joints
555(1)
Plantar Arches
555(2)
Muscles of the Lower Leg and Foot
557(1)
Nerves of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
558(1)
Blood Vessels of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
558(1)
Kinematics of the Lower leg, Ankle, and Foot
558(3)
The Gait Cycle
558(1)
Toe Flexion and Extension
559(1)
Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion
559(1)
Inversion and Eversion
560(1)
Pronation and Supination
560(1)
Kinetics of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
561(2)
Forces Commonly Sustained by the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
563(1)
Foot Deformation during Gait
563(1)
Prevention of Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot Conditions
563(2)
Protective Equipment
563(1)
Physical Conditioning
564(1)
Footwear
564(1)
Toe and Foot Conditions
565(4)
Toe Deformities
565(2)
Turf Toe
567(1)
Reverse Turf Toe (Soccer Toe)
567(1)
Ingrown Toenail
567(1)
Metatarsalgia
567(1)
Bunions
567(1)
Retrocalcaneal Bursitis
568(1)
Contusions
569(1)
Foot Contusions
569(1)
Lower Leg Contusions
569(1)
Acute Compartment Syndrome
569(1)
Foot and Ankle Sprains
570(4)
Toe and Foot Sprains and Dislocations
570(1)
Mechanisms of Injury for Ankle Sprains
570(1)
Lateral Ankle Sprains
571(1)
Medial Ankle Sprains
572(1)
Syndesmosis Sprain
573(1)
Subtalar Sprain
574(1)
Subtalar Dislocation
574(1)
Strains of the Foot and Lower Leg
574(3)
Strains and Tendinitis
574(3)
Achilles Tendon Rupture
577(1)
Overuse Conditions
577(3)
Plantar Fasciitis
578(1)
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS)
578(1)
Exertional Compartment Syndrome
579(1)
Vascular and Neural Disorders
580(2)
Venous Disorders
580(1)
Neurologic Conditions
580(2)
Fractures
582(4)
Freiberg's Disease
582(1)
Sever's Disease
582(1)
Stress Fractures
583(1)
Avulsion Fractures
584(1)
Osteochondral Fracture of the Talus
584(1)
Displaced Fracture and Fracture Dislocations
585(1)
Assessment of Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot Conditions
586(1)
History
586(2)
Observation and Inspection
588(1)
Palpation
589(1)
Anterior and Medial Palpation
590(1)
Anterior and Lateral Palpation
590(1)
Posterior Palpation
590(1)
Physical Examination Tests
590(5)
Functional Tests
590(1)
Stress Tests
591(3)
Neurologic Tests
594(1)
Activity-specific Functional Tests
594(1)
Rehabilitation
595(4)
Restoration of Motion
595(1)
Restoration of Proprioception and Balance
595(1)
Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power
596(1)
Cardiovascular Fitness
596(3)
SECTION VI Special Considerations
599(154)
Environmental Conditions
601(20)
Heat-Related Conditions
602(10)
Internal Heat Regulation
602(2)
Measuring the Heat-Stress Index
604(1)
Factors that Modify Heat Tolerance
605(3)
Identifying Individuals at Risk
608(1)
Heat Illnesses
609(1)
Other Heat Conditions
610(2)
Cold-Related Conditions
612(3)
Preventing Cold-Related Injuries
612(1)
Cold Conditions
613(2)
Other Environmental Conditions
615(6)
Altitude Disorders
615(2)
Air Pollution and Exercise
617(1)
Exercising in Thunderstorms
618(3)
Cardiovascular Conditions
621(20)
Blood and Lymph Disorders
622(4)
Anemia
622(2)
Hemophilia
624(1)
Reye's Syndrome
625(1)
Lymphangitis
625(1)
Syncope
626(1)
Shock
627(1)
Blood Pressure Disorders
628(4)
Hypertension
628(3)
Hypotension
631(1)
Sudden Cardiac Death
632(5)
Epidemiology
632(1)
Cardiac Causes of Sudden Death
632(3)
Noncardiac Causes of Sudden Death
635(2)
Cardiovascular Preparticipation Screening
637(4)
Neurologic Conditions
641(12)
Headaches
642(2)
Migraine Headache
642(1)
Cluster Headache
643(1)
Tension-type Headache
643(1)
Analgesic Rebound Headache
643(1)
Drug-Induced Headache
643(1)
Exertional Headache
643(1)
Post-traumatic Headache
643(1)
Treatment of Headaches
643(1)
Seizure Disorders and Epilepsy
644(4)
Causes of Epilepsy
644(1)
Types of Seizures
644(2)
Immediate Management of Seizures
646(1)
Medications and Epilepsy
646(1)
Physical Activity Guidelines
646(2)
Other Central Nervous System Disorders
648(5)
Meningitis
648(1)
Encephalitis
649(1)
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
650(3)
Respiratory Tract Conditions
653(10)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
654(3)
Common Cold
654(1)
Sinusitis
654(1)
Pharyngitis (Sore Throat)
655(1)
Laryngitis
655(1)
Tonsillitis
656(1)
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)
656(1)
General Respiratory Conditions
657(6)
Bronchitis
657(1)
Bronchial Asthma
657(1)
Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm
658(1)
Influenza
659(1)
Pneumonia
659(4)
Gastrointestinal Conditions
663(8)
Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders
664(1)
Dysphagia
664(1)
Gastroesophageal Reflux
664(1)
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
664(1)
Gastric (Peptic) Ulcers
664(1)
Gastritis
665(1)
Gastroenteritis
665(1)
Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders
665(3)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
665(1)
Crohn's Disease
666(1)
Ulcerative Colitis
666(1)
Diarrhea
666(1)
Constipation
667(1)
Hemorrhoids (Piles)
667(1)
Other Gastrointestinal Problems
668(3)
Anxiety and Stress Reaction
668(1)
Vomiting
668(1)
Food Poisoning
668(3)
Endocrine Conditions
671(12)
Thyroid Disorders
672(1)
Hyperthyroidism
672(1)
Hypothyroidism
673(1)
Pancreatitis
673(1)
Acute Pancreatitis
673(1)
Chronic Pancreatitis
674(1)
Diabetes Mellitus
674(9)
The Physiological Basis of Diabetes
674(2)
Types of Diabetes
676(1)
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
677(2)
Nutrition and Exercise Recommendations
679(4)
Common Infectious Diseases
683(12)
Common Childhood Diseases
684(4)
Bacterial Childhood Diseases
684(1)
Viral Childhood Diseases
685(3)
Infectious Mononucleosis
688(1)
Viral Meningitis
688(1)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
688(3)
Hepatitis
691(1)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
692(3)
Conditions of the Female Athlete, Disabled Athlete, and Senior Athlete
695(18)
Special Concerns of the Female Athlete
696(8)
The Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle
696(1)
Gynecological Irregularities
697(3)
Birth Control and Sport Participation
700(1)
Pregnancy and Sport Participation
700(2)
Eating Disorders
702(1)
Osteoporosis
703(1)
The Female Triad
704(1)
The Disabled Athlete
704(4)
Wheelchair Athletes
705(2)
Amputee Athletes
707(1)
Cerebral Palsy
708(1)
Visual Impairment
708(1)
The Senior Athlete
708(5)
Upper Extremity and Spinal Considerations
708(1)
Lower Extremity Considerations
709(4)
Pharmacology
713(22)
Pharmacokinetics
714(3)
Drug Administration
714(1)
Drug Absorption
715(1)
Drug Distribution
716(1)
Drug Metabolism
717(1)
Drug Excretion
717(1)
Factors That Contribute to the Therapeutic Effect of a Drug
717(2)
Blood Plasma Levels
718(1)
Therapeutic Range
718(1)
Dosing Intervals and Plasma Concentrations
718(1)
Maximal Efficacy
718(1)
Half-life
718(1)
Potency
719(1)
Drug Interactions
719(1)
Adverse Drug Reactions
719(1)
Drug Names
720(1)
Guidelines for the Use of Therapeutic Medications
720(3)
Using Over-the-counter (OTC) Medications
721(1)
Poison Control Plan
722(1)
Traveling with Medications
722(1)
Storing Medications
722(1)
Physician Desk Reference
723(1)
Common Medications Used to Treat Sport-related Injuries
723(5)
Analgesics and Antipyretics
723(1)
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
723(1)
Corticosteroids
724(1)
Local Anesthetics
725(1)
Muscle Relaxants
726(1)
Topical Antibiotics
727(1)
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
727(1)
Antifungal Agents
728(1)
Performance Enhancing Substances
728(4)
Caffeine
729(1)
Tobacco
729(1)
Alcohol
729(1)
Marijuana
730(1)
Diuretics
730(1)
Anabolic Steroids
730(1)
Human Growth Hormone
731(1)
Amphetamines
731(1)
Ephedrine
731(1)
Blood Doping and Erythropoietin (EPO)
731(1)
Creatine
732(1)
Drug Testing
732(3)
Dermatology
735(18)
Types of Skin Lesions
736(1)
Skin Infections
736(7)
Bacterial Skin Conditions
737(2)
Fungal Skin Conditions
739(3)
Viral Skin Conditions
742(1)
Other Skin Reactions
743(10)
Chafing of the Skin
743(1)
Athlete's Nodules
744(1)
Acne Mechanica
744(1)
Striae Distensae
744(1)
Sunburn
744(1)
Pernio (Chilblains)
744(1)
Miliaria
745(1)
Dry (Xerotic) Skin
745(1)
Eczema
745(1)
Psoriasis
746(1)
Hyperhidrosis
746(1)
Bites and Stings
747(3)
Contact Dermatitis
750(1)
Urticaria
751(2)
Appendices
753(12)
A Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms
755(6)
B Abbreviations and Symbols
761(4)
Glossary 765(10)
Index 775

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